한국건축용어

국-영문 한국건축용어 사전 요약 Korean-English Korean Architecture Term Glossary Overview

There are many terms unique to Korean architecture which are difficult to translate and explain. This page serves as an overview of key terms needed to understand Korean architecture, along with suggestions for English translation of these terms as well as explanations. The terms include both the parts/pieces involved in Korean architecture, as well as styles of architecture. When possible, photos or diagrams have been included.

In Korean building architecture, there are three main sections: Roof (지붕 jibung), Wall (벽제 byeokje), and Foundation (기단 gidan). These each correspond respectively to heaven (천 天 cheon), human (인 人 in), and earth (지 地 ji). Harmony within this triad of heaven-human-earth (천인지 天人地 cheon-in-ji) is central to East Asian philosophy and can be seen in prominently in theory behind Korean architecture. Thus, the following architecture terms have been grouped by these three classic sections. However, there are some terms which can be seen throughout the entire structure, and these will be explained separately as "general terms."

기본 용어 General Terms

Table

국문 (Korean)	한문 (Hanja)	로마자 (Romanization)	국문 해설 (Korean Explanation)	영문 (English)	영문 해설 (English Explanation)	이미지 (Image)
주	柱	ju		column	used in terms relating to the columns, either denoting a column itself, a piece that is column-shaped, or a piece's location in relation to the column
주심	柱心	jusim		column-top	lit. column heart; located in the same line (i.e. above) the column, as opposed to being to the side of the column, or to the inside or outside of the column
주간	柱間	jugan		between columns	lit. column space-between; located in the sections between columns
종	終	jong		ridge	lit. final, end; located at or near the apex of the roof
중	柱間	jung		middle	lit. middle, center; located between two other similar pieces
툇		twoet		external	outside the main structure; can be used to describe a porch/floor (마루 maru) or a beam (보 bo)
내출목		naechulmok		internal, inner	lit. inner exit wood; used to describe parts of the roof (esp. bracket) which lie to the inside of the line of the column
외출목		waechulmok		external, outer	lit. outer exit wood; used to describe parts of the roof (esp. bracket) which lie to the outside of the line of the column
마루		maru		floor, ridge	used to describe a wooden floor used as a hall or porch, or to describe the slope (ridge) of the roof
공		gong		bracket	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts

지붕부 Roof Section

Table

분류 (Type)	국문 (Korean)	한문 (Hanja)	로마자 (Romanization)	국문 해설 (Korean Explanation)	영문 (English)	영문 해설 (English Explanation)	이미지 (Image)
형태	용마루		yong-maru		(dragon, main) ridge	lit. dragon ridge; a support running lengthwise which supports the rafters
	내림마루		naerim-maru		gable ridge	lit. descending ridge; a support running lengthwise which supports the rafters
	추녀마루		chunyeo-maru		gable roof	lit. hip rafter ridge; a support running lengthwise which supports the rafters
	선자연		seonjayeon		fan-rib rafter	lit. hip rafter ridge; a support running lengthwise which supports the rafters
	맞배지붕		matbae-jibung		gable roof
	팔작지붕		paljak-jibung		hip-and-gable roof
	우진각지붕		ujingak-jibung		hip roof	a support running lengthwise which supports the rafters
도리	도리		dori		purlin	a support running lengthwise which supports the rafters
	종도리	終OO	jong-dori		ridge purlin	the purlin at the apex of the roof
	중도리	中OO	jung-dori		middle purlin	a purlin located midway up the roof
	주심도리	柱心OO	jusim-dori		column-top purlin	a purlin located above the column
	장혀	OO	janghyeo		purlin support	a support placed underneath the entire purlin lengthwise
	단장혀	OOO	dan-janghyeo		short purlin support	a support placed lengthwise underneath a purlin, but only extends the length of the bracket below
보	보		bo		beam	a piece spanning the depth of the structure
	대들보		daedeul-bo		main beam	a large wood piece spanning the depth of the structure at the height where the walls and roof meet
	중보		jung-bo		collar beam	a piece spanning the depth of the structure above the main beam
	종보		jong-bo		ridge beam	a piece spanning the depth of the structure above the collar beam, just below the apex of the roof
	툇보		twoet-bo		external beam	a beam which extends along the line of the main beam outward past the column
공	공		gong		bracket	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts
	초익공		cho-ik-gong		single-wing bracket (style)	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts
	이익공		i-ikgong		double-wing bracket (style)	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts
	공포		gongpo		complex bracket (style)	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts
	주심포		jusim-po		column-top complex bracket (style)	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts
	다포		da-po		multiple complex bracket (style)	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts
	주두		judu		column-top (bracket) support	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts
	익공		ik-gong		bracket wing	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts
	첨자		cheomja		bracket arm	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts
	살미		salmi		(cantilevered, ornamented) bracket wing	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts
	안초공		ancho-gong		base bracket wing	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts
	소로		soro		(bracket) support	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts
	양갈소로		yanggal-soro		single-groove (bracket) support	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts
	네갈소로		negal-soro		intersecting-groove (bracket) support	used in words relating to the roof bracket structure and its parts