2018 GGHS Team 5

Introduction

Motivation and Purpose of Research

We will remember the spirit of Goryeo to mark the 1100th anniversary of the foundation of Goryeo and connect it with the present. Based on the historically popular diplomacy of Goryeo and internal policies of Goryeo kings, we would like to suggest ways to unify the two Koreas, which are now facing the reunification phase. Gwanghaegun of Joseon reportedly said, " Please learn Goryeo's diplomatic policies. " The Joseon Dynasty, which lasted for 519 years, also called for Goryeo to be taught. Thus, Goryeo would be a model for both internal and internal politics and future generations. Therefore, we will investigate and explore the diplomatic policies of Goryeo and the policies of each king throughout the Goryeo Dynasty and draw up a plan for reunification between the two Koreas. Hopefully, the research will give us a new perspective and bring us closer to reunification as we face a new phase of reunification.

Expectancy Effects

There is a famous Korean saying, "前事之不忘 後事之師也", which means the first thing the bunch don't forget the divisions. In other words, this quotation implied we should learn the lessons of past history as teachers and solve future coming events. Following this, we are going to draw the policy of unification between north and south by facing the 1100th anniversary of Goryeo foundation. Firstly, we are announcing the policies of unification in Goryeo by remembering beautiful Goryeo's history. Secondly, we are suggesting that the unification policies of the Two Koreas, one and only divided country in the world, by seeing at the new sight in domestic and foreign ways. Thirdly, We are contributing the world's peace according to suggest the measures not only two Koreas but also whole world make peacefully based on the Goryeo's unification to make peace in the Korean Peninsula.

Historical Background

Accomplishing Diplomacy Based on Political System between South and North Korea

In order to better understand the external diplomatic relations between the two Koreas, the understanding of the system between the two Koreas should come first. South and North Korea are the Korean race, but they are in a different regime and live absolutely different lives being influenced by different societies. South Korea is a liberal democracy and North Korea is a people's democracy. Liberal democracy, consists of liberalism and democracy, is a political ideology that points individual freedom and rights out as highest values. At this point, freedom is a state in which each person has opportunity to choose and decide what they want with minimum of limitation. Equality is a state in which the intrinsic values of an individual are equal and hereditary privilege is denied. Since liberal democracy values individualism and private property rights, it combines with the capitalist economic system. In our society, if we do not put any modifier on the word democracy, we refer to liberal democracy. This is because the U.S. and South Korea, the world's strongest nations, have been aiming. Therefore, South Korea naturally has a close relationship with the United States. People's democracy is a political ideology that has been adopted as a goal of equality for the people in socialistic countries. With the same logic as free democracy, people's democracy naturally combines with the socialist economic system. Communism is ultimately aimed at an ideal society in which every human being in the world works by capacity and is distributed by necessity. China is the powerful country that is advocating communism. Therefore, China and North Korea are leading to close ties.

Diplomatic Relation between the Two Koreas

Since Republic of Korea had had a Korean war with Democratic People's Republic of Korea, neighbor us and nearby the ceasefire line, South Korea still in military confrontation, and has had social influences a lot. Meanwhile, it has close ties with the U.S. \, which supported the Republic of Korea in the Korean war. Moon-Jae-In government was launching the Korea-U.S. summit meeting between Trump's currency as quickly, and on June 29, 2018, held in Wasington ; and finally, it worked. It was not until the end of the Cold War that Russia and China, which intervened in the Korean War while supporting the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, that they established diplomatic relations. The relations with neighboring countries such as the United States, Japan, China, and Russia have been at the core of Korean diplomacy based on geopolitical and historical significance, and the establishment of Korean independence, the establishment of Korean wars, and so on. North Korea has put more spurs to its nuclear and missile development since the inauguration of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un in 2012, and the U.S. has responded with the UN Security Council's resolution to impose sanctions on the North. From 2012 to 2017, North Korea conducted 41 ballistic missile launches and three nuclear tests, and the U.N. Security Council adopted eight resolutions to impose sanctions against the North during the same period. Moon Jae-in, however, the government a result of trying to patch things up North America, 2018, held in Singapore on June 12, Donald Trump, president and Kim Jong Un, North Korea. The Secretary of State of the summit was held. Relations between North Korea and China have been close enough, both politically, economically and militarily. However, the North Korea-China relations had to worsen as China demanded a hard currency in trade with North Korea from 1991 and established diplomatic relations with South Korea in August 1992. The estranged bilateral relationship, including a decrease in high-level personnel exchanges, began to recover in September 1998 when the Kim Jong-il regime was officially launched in North Korea. The two sides have maintained their relations by only occasional exchanges of high-level personnel due to the North's continued nuclear and missile development and China's participation in sanctions against the North. Then, he visited China for the first time since Kim Jong Un took power in March 2018 and had a meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping.

Body

Plural of Diplomacy

Seong Jong

In the 10th century, Goryeo was surrounded by strong countries, such as Song, Kitan and Yeojin. Among the relative dominance of the Kitan, in which compete Song, and Goryeo are placed in the middle has emerged. Song considered the Goryeo Dynasty to be a partner. In order to prevent the expansion of the powerful clans such as the Kitan and Yeojin and protect midfield, They needed Goryeo. On the other hand, the idea of Kitan and Yeojin was to cut off the relationship between Goryeo and Song in the rear regions. Goryeo fully understood the diplomatic intentions of the three countries. Therefore, rather than having a one-sided relationship with either side, the two sides pursued diplomatic strategies in the direction most favorable to the Goryeo Dynasty. At the heart of the Goryeo diplomacy was the pursuit of territory and cultural benefits. Goryeo did not consider Song to be a true ally.

In 986, Song requested the dispatch of troops to Goryeo, saying, " We need to find land taken from China by the York-Korea. " Goryeosa Jeolyo, According to the book, King Suro, the king of Goryeo, intentionally evaded an answer. When Song threatened and kept asking for the troop dispatch, King Sungjong seemed to be ready to send troops, which made Song happy.

But in the end, they did not send troops. He decided that there was no need to consider the war to increase China's land. They were not worried about how to maintain an alliance with Song, but how to maximize the benefits of Goryeo.

" Even if the alliance between Goryeo and Song is not strong, Korea's conquest of China can not be achieved as long as this alliance is maintained, " York-Korea concluded. So, the Liao decided to break the alliance between the two countries. What has been done is the 993 invasion of Goryeo.

Suh-hee is a famous diplomat as a relief pitcher. Thanks to Suh-hee's diplomatic skills, Goryeo blocked war with the Liao dynasty in the interest of Goryeo. The Goryeo decided to honor the Liao kingdom as a condition that the kingdom understand that the kingdom takes over Gangdong-6, the land of North Pyeongang Province and the region of Yeojin.

Thus, the alliance between Goryeo and Song was broken and the alliance between Goryeo and Liao was formed. Instead of fighting with Liao to maintain loyalty to Song, Goryeo formed an alliance with Liao on the condition that it benefited from Gangdong 6. The first principle in the alliance diplomacy of Goryeo was the interest of Goryeo.

Goryeo was a country that performed "parallel diplomacy" and " equidistant diplomacy, " a multi-language diplomacy, in a very strategic manner, having diplomatic relations with several countries but taking practical benefits at the crucial moment. Until the beginning of the 12th century, Goryeo had diplomatic relations with Song and Khalitan, and later maintained diplomatic relations with Geum and Song. After the end of Geum in 1234, Goryeo formed a multidisciplinary diplomatic relationship with the Korean people, Yüan and Song. In the late 14th century, the Ming Dynasty appeared, and Goryeo conducted diplomacy amid the competition between Korea and China. The Goryeo Dynasty was one of the pillars of the world order of East Asia in this multidisciplinary manner, when East Asian relations greatly influenced on the development of Goryeo history.